由外力（包括手術）引起的身體組織破裂。它可能屬於封閉性（鈍器損傷）或開放性（穿通性損傷）。血管、神經、肌肉、骨骼、關節、體內器官可能受損。封閉性創傷可能由撞擊、扭曲、彎折、減速（例如車禍）引起。其範圍從小型挫傷或扭傷到大腦受損的頭顱裂開或麻痺性脊椎傷害。在開放性創傷中，進入破損皮膚或黏膜的細菌、髒物、布屑等外物會導致感染。影響傷勢的其他因素包括深度、表皮區域、撕裂程度和受損之結構。小傷僅需要急救。至於其他創傷，在檢查和必需的診斷性顯影和探索性手術之後，療法可能包括替換或排放體液、滅菌和使用抗生素、修復受損的結構。封閉性創傷可能需要割開，開放性創傷也可能需要加以縫合。亦請參閲burn、coagulation、crush injury、dislocation、scar。
wound
Break in any body tissue due to external action (including surgery). It may be closed (blunt trauma) or open (penetrating trauma). Blood vessels, nerves, muscles, bones, joints, and internal organs may be damaged. A closed wound can be caused by impact, twisting, bending, or deceleration (as in a car crash). It can range from a minor bruise or sprain to a skull fracture with brain damage or a spinal-cord injury with paralysis. In an open wound, foreign matter such as bacteria, dirt, and clothing fragments entering through broken skin or mucous membrane may result in infection. Other factors affecting severity include depth, surface area, degree of tearing, and structures damaged. Minor wounds need only first aid. For others, after examination and perhaps diagnostic imaging and exploratory surgery, treatment may include fluid replacement or drainage, sterilization and antibiotics, tetanus antitoxin, and repair of damaged structures. A closed wound may need to be opened or an open one sutured closed. See also burn, coagulation, crush injury, dislocation, scar.
