Piaget, Jean
瑞士心理學家。曾接受動物學和哲學教育，皮亞傑後來在蘇黎世師從容格和布洛伊勒學習心理學（從1918年開始），從1929年到他去世一直在日內瓦大學任教。他提出了「發生知識論」（genetic epistemology）的理論，即兒童思維能力發展的自然時間表，其中他考察了四個階段--感覺運動階段（0～2歲）、前運算階段（2～7歲）、具體運算階段（7～12歲）和形式運算階段（直到成年）--每個階段的認知能力和運用符號的能力都不斷增強。1955年皮亞傑在日內瓦建立了一所國際發生知識論中心，並任負責人一直到1980年。着有大量作品，包括《兒童的語言和思維》（1923）、《兒童的判斷與推理》（1924）、《兒童智慧的起源》（1948），還有《兒童邏輯的早期成長》（1964）。他被認為是20世紀發展心理學的先驅。
1896～1980年
Piaget, Jean
Swiss psychologist. Trained in zoology and philosophy, Piaget later studied psychology in Zurich (from 1918) with Carl Gustav Jung and Eugen Bleuler, and was subsequently affiliated with the University of Geneva from 1929 until his death. He developed a theory of “genetic epistemology,” a natural timetable for the development of the child's ability to think in which he traced four stages—the sensorimotor (ages 0-2), preoperational or symbolic (2-7), concrete operational (7-12), and formal operational (through adulthood)—each marked by increased cognitive sophistication and ability to use symbols. In 1955 Piaget founded and became director (to 1980) of an international center for genetic epistemology in Geneva. His numerous books include The Language and Thought of the Child (1923), Judgment and Reasoning in the Child (1924), The Origin of Intelligence in Children (1948), and The Early Growth of Logic in the Child (1964). He is regarded as the foremost developmental psychologist of the 20th century.
