thatwhich的用法區別

既可以用於指人,也可以用於指物.在從句中作主語或賓語,作主語時不可省略,作賓語可省略.例如:
Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.瑪麗喜歡輕柔的音樂.(that作主語)
The coat (that) I put on the desk is blue.我放在桌子上的那件外套是藍色的.(that作賓語)
h用於指物,在句中作主語或賓語,作主語不可省略,作賓語可省略.例如:
The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket.位於火車站附近的那座大樓是一家超市.(作主語)
The film (which) we saw last night was wonderful.我們昨天晚上看的那部電影很好看.(作賓語)

thatwhich的用法區別

注意:
(1)當定語從句中含有介詞,介詞放在句末時,who,that,which可省略,但介詞在關係代詞前時,只能用“介詞+which/whom”結構.例如:
This is the house in which we lived last year.這是我們去年居住的房子.
Please tell me from whom you borrowed the English novel.請告訴我你從誰那借的這本英文小説.
(2)含有介詞的固定動詞詞組中,介詞不可前置,只能放在原來的位置上.例如:
This is the person whom you are looking for.這就是你要找的那個人.
(3)that 作介詞的賓語時,介詞不能放它的前面,只能放在從句中動詞的後面.例如:
The city that she lives in is very far away.她居住的城市非常遠.
(4)關係詞只能用that的情況:
a.先行詞被序數詞或形容詞最高級所修飾,或本身是序數詞、基數詞、形容詞最高級時,只能用that,而不用which.例如:He was the first person that passed the exam.他是第一個通過考試的人.
b.被修飾的先行詞為all,any,much,many,everything,anything,none,the one等不定代詞時,只能用that,而不用which.例如:Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop?你在商店裏有什麼東西要買嗎?
c.先行詞被the only,the very,the same,the last,little,few 等詞修飾時,只能用that,而不用which.例如:
This is the same bike that I lost.這就是我丟的那輛自行車.
d.先行詞裏同時含有人或物時,只能用that,而不用which.例如:
I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room.我能清楚記得我在那個房間所見到的人和一些照片.
e.以who或which引導的特殊疑問句,為避免重複,只能用that.例如:
Who is the girl that is crying?正在哭泣的那個女孩是誰?
f.主句是there be 結構,修飾主語的定語從句用that,而不用which.例如:
There is a book on the desk that belongs to Tom.桌子上那本書是湯姆的.

thatwhich的用法區別 第2張

(5)關係詞只能用which,而不用that 的情況:
a.先行詞為that,those時,用which,而不用that.例如:
What‘s that which is under the desk?在桌子底下的那些東西是什麼?
b.關係代詞前有介詞時,一般用which,而不用that.例如:
This is the room in which he lives.這是他居住的房間.
c.引導非限制性定語從句,用which,而不用that.例如:
Tom came back,which made us happy.湯姆回來了,這使我們很高興.
五、關係副詞的用法
(1)when指時間,其先行詞表示時間,在句中作時間狀語.例如:
This was the time when he arrived.這是他到達的時間.
(2)where指地點,其先行詞表示地點,在句中作地點狀語.例如:
This is place where he works.這是他工作的地點.
(3)why 指原因,其先行詞是原因,起原因狀語作用.例如:
Nobody knows the reason why he is often late for school.沒人知道他為什麼上學總遲到.

thatwhich的用法區別 第3張